Validation of the Oral Health Screening Questionnaire in Predicting Serious Periodontitis among Adult Filipinos with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background. Periodontitis affects more than half of patients with diabetes. In resource poor areas in the Philippines, access to routine dental visits may be difficult and thus, a selective approach might be needed to identify those who need dental evaluation and management. An easy-to-administer oral health self-report questionnaire was developed in order to predict serious (moderate to severe) periodontitis. Objective. The study aims to determine the validity of the Oral Health Screening Questionnaire for Persons with Diabetes (OHSQPD) in estimating the prevalence of serious periodontitis. Methodology. A cross-sectional criterion-referenced study of 175 participants with T2DM were included in the study. They were asked to answer the questionnaire and then made to undergo a full dental examination to identify the presence and severity of periodontitis. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by determining the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC)with the dental examination as the gold standard. Results. Using the questionnaire, the prevalence of serious periodontitis was 61% (106) based on an optimal cut-off score of ≥12. At this score, the questionnaire yielded a sensitivity of 80.4% and a specificity of 70.6%, with an AUROC of 0.83. Conclusion. The OHSQPD is a valid tool in detecting serious periodontitis