Abstract
In medical science and practice, dietary behavior is mostly assessed by item-extensive questionnaires (e.g., food-frequency-questionnaires) or by questionnaires focusing on psychological aspects of dietary behavior neglecting dietary quality or quantity. In consequence, these questionnaires do not capture the full bandwidth of dietary behavior or are less effective in the assessment of dietary behavior because of the large item pools. Therefore, the aim of this validation study was to translate the existing General Dietary Behavior Inventory (GDBI), which was constructed as a behavior-related, as well as effective, instrument, and verifying its construct and criterion validity. This inventory is based on the general nutrition recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). Our English-speaking convenience sample consisted of 263 participants. The study results confirmed convergent, as well as criterion validity of the English version of the GDBI (GDBI-E). Discriminant validity of the GDBI-E could mainly be verified. Different dietary behavior clusters were identified in a cluster analysis. The found clusters represented a rather healthy and a rather unhealthy dietary behavior in the sample according to the recommendations of the WHO. The results underpinned the validity of the GDBI-E. The GDBI-E is applicable in research and clinical practice to assess dietary behavior in the English-speaking population.
Highlights
Human behaviors regarding one’s own health status have been identified in different studies to be relevant resources in maintaining or promoting health [1–3]
Convergent validity and criterion validity of the General Dietary Behavior Inventory (GDBI)-E score could be fully confirmed. These results indicated that the GDBI-E was a valid instrument, which is associated with relevant similar constructs and was related to physical as well as psychological outcomes
We developed a new questionnaire to assess dietary behavior regarding the development of the German version of the GDBI
Summary
Human behaviors regarding one’s own health status have been identified in different studies to be relevant resources in maintaining or promoting health [1–3]. Dietary behavior of individuals has been identified as a health-promoting resource [4]. Dietary behavior describes a wide range of behaviors occurring in the context of dietary intake [5]. It includes different behavioral options of individuals handling foods and their nutrition. Dietary behavior is limited to food, energy or nutrient intake or psychological components, and to concrete behaviors associated with dietary intake [6]. Dietary behavior represents typical diet-related habits, which influence one’s own health status
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