Abstract
The panchromatic and multispectral (PMS) sensor is an optical imaging sensor aboard the Gao Fen-1 (GF-1) satellite. This work describes an approach to validate the calibration coefficients of the PMS sensors based on the image data of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). Two image pairs, one obtained over the Dunhuang test site and the other over the Golmud test site, were used in this paper. Two spectral band adjustment factors (SBAF), given as the radiance SBAF and reflectance SBAF, were applied to correct the differences in the respective images caused by the relative spectral responses of the PMS sensor and OLI. Uncertainties in the SBAF values arising from atmospheric parameters and the absence of a measured ground spectrum were analyzed in this paper. The results show that the average relative differences of top-of-atmosphere radiance and reflectance values for each band between the PMS sensor and OLI images are 2%–5% for most bands, after SBAF correction with a measured ground spectrum or fitted spectrum. It is demonstrated that the OLI image can be used to validate the calibration coefficient of the PMS sensor, even if the image pairs are not imaged on the same day.
Highlights
The Gao Fen-1 (GF-1) satellite was launched on 26 April 2013 from Jiuquan Satellite LaunchCenter, and represents the first satellite for the civilian High-Definition Earth Observation Satellite (HDEOS) program implemented in China
An approach to validate the calibration coefficient of the panchromatic and multispectral (PMS) sensor onboard the GF-1 satellite was proposed based on the images obtained from the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI)
It is noted that both image pairs were not imaged on the same day, but were captured at intervals of two-to-five days because the swath of the GF-1/PMS is only 30 km, and it is practically impossible to obtain a GF-1/PMS and OLI image pair imaged on the same day over a given test site
Summary
Represents the first satellite for the civilian High-Definition Earth Observation Satellite (HDEOS) program implemented in China. The HDEOS program was proposed in 2006 and initiated in 2010, and it consists of seven optical/microwave satellites. Two panchromatic and multispectral (PMS) sensors and four wide field-of-view (WFV) sensors are aboard the GF-1 satellite, (hereafter, the PMS sensor on-board the GF-1 satellite is written as GF-1/PMS). The GF-1/PMSs employed each have one panchromatic band with a 2 m spatial resolution and four multispectral bands with 8 m spatial resolutions, while the WFV sensors each have four multispectral bands with 16 m resolutions. The swath is 30 km for a single PMS sensor and 60 km for two PMS sensors. A single WFV sensor images an area 200 km in width, such that all four WFV sensors together have a coverage range
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