Abstract
The incorporation of sustainable projects in the construction field and the use of prefabricated products allow to provide solutions for the real estate industry due to low cost. The goal of this research is to confirm the sustainability criteria of three different certifications such as: BREEAM, LEED and VERDE. Making paired comparisons based on the AHP method relating according to priorities of importance, preference or probability of pairs of the elements, based each time on a represented criteria in the decision hierarchy. According to the calculated values and the results, the AHP process was used to evaluate certification methods. The results of weighting between the three certification methods, determined that LEED adjusts to the reality of the Andean zone of Ecuador. As this area is a fragile place and susceptible to the contamination of water, soil and ecosystems, the innovation presented in this method, when ranking and comparing the weightings, makes it have greater weight compared to the other two analyzed. In this way, it was possible to interpret and develop a table of importance of suitable criteria to be implemented in the Andean zone, having as a result that the most important criterion is water with a percentage of 40.43%.
Highlights
Construction is an activity that accelerates climate change and the depletion of natural resources, causing a significant environmental burden throughout its useful life, from its construction, occupation and demolition, through the use phase and that varies considerably depending on the type of building and its location [1]
The growing construction in urban areas causes a significant impact on the environment, the economy, and public health [2]; this economic sector is responsible for 40-50% of all energy use, doubling its consumption between 1973-2012 [3], and has increased anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions [4]
Ecuadorian society shows the lack of potential of the models and tools that evaluate the sustainability of the construction of prefabricated housing, it is for this reason that this research project finds the BREEAM, LEED and VERDE GR models and certifications by comparing them and choosing the criteria that would adapt to the reality of the country, especially in the Ecuadorian Andean zone
Summary
Construction is an activity that accelerates climate change and the depletion of natural resources, causing a significant environmental burden throughout its useful life, from its construction, occupation and demolition, through the use phase and that varies considerably depending on the type of building and its location [1] In this way, the growing construction in urban areas causes a significant impact on the environment, the economy, and public health [2]; this economic sector is responsible for 40-50% of all energy use, doubling its consumption between 1973-2012 [3], and has increased anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions [4]. The construction system is going through an important change, one of them is the construction of prefabricated houses [6], which has a significant growth in recent years, since it generates advantages such as its cost, elaboration times, custom adaptability, energy efficiency, location and respect to the environment [7] In this context, it is necessary to know the systems of environmental energy certifications, to assess their structure and obtain the criteria.
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