Abstract
This paper compares lifting-line large-eddy simulations (LES) of scaled wind turbines against experimental measurements obtained in a boundary layer wind tunnel. The final goal of this effort is to develop a verified digital copy of the experimental facility, in support of wind farm control research. Three scaled wind turbine models are arranged in different waked configurations and yaw misalignment conditions. In the experiments, the wind turbine response is measured in terms of various operational parameters, while the flow is measured with two scanning LiDARs. Simulation and experimental results are compared with respect to flow characteristics, turbine states and wake behavior. The analysis of the results shows a good match between simulations and experiments. Besides this important verification, the numerical simulations are also used to explain a wake interference phenomenon observed in the experiments, which causes a modification in the path of the wake of shaded turbines.
Highlights
Among existing wind farm control strategies, yaw-based control appears to be very promising in spite of its apparent simplicity [1]
The present paper extends that analysis to yaw misaligned conditions, which are relevant to the problem of wind farm control
The images on the top report LiDAR measurements, the ones in the center are the corresponding numerical simulations, while the ones in the bottom part show the difference between measurements and simulations
Summary
Among existing wind farm control strategies, yaw-based control appears to be very promising in spite of its apparent simplicity [1]. Using this control approach, upstream wind turbines are yawed slightly out of the wind with the goal of steering their wakes away from downstream turbines. A wind farm super-controller is tasked with the goal of finding the optimal yaw angles for each wind turbine, which optimize some performance index while satisfying desired operational constraints. A first goal of the present paper is to compare the results of a LES model of the scaled test facility with experimental measurements at different constant-in-time yaw misalignment angles. Various operational conditions are considered, which correspond to different overlaps of the shed
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