Abstract
The Kinect v2 sensor may be a cheap and easy to use sensor to quantify gait in clinical settings, especially when applied in set-ups integrating multiple Kinect sensors to increase the measurement volume. Reliable estimates of foot placement locations are required to quantify spatial gait parameters. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of distance from the sensor, side and step length on estimates of foot placement locations based on Kinect’s ankle body points. Subjects (n = 12) performed stepping trials at imposed foot placement locations distanced 2 m or 3 m from the Kinect sensor (distance), for left and right foot placement locations (side), and for five imposed step lengths. Body points’ time series of the lower extremities were recorded with a Kinect v2 sensor, placed frontoparallelly on the left side, and a gold-standard motion-registration system. Foot placement locations, step lengths, and stepping accuracies were compared between systems using repeated-measures ANOVAs, agreement statistics and two one-sided t-tests to test equivalence. For the right side at the 2 m distance from the sensor we found significant between-systems differences in foot placement locations and step lengths, and evidence for nonequivalence. This distance by side effect was likely caused by differences in body orientation relative to the Kinect sensor. It can be reduced by using Kinect’s higher-dimensional depth data to estimate foot placement locations directly from the foot’s point cloud and/or by using smaller inter-sensor distances in the case of a multi-Kinect v2 set-up to estimate foot placement locations at greater distances from the sensor.
Highlights
IntroductionQuantitative gait assessments are a major undertaking in clinical settings (e.g., calibration procedures, patient-preparation time) and are costly due to expensive equipment [1]
Quantitative gait assessments are a major undertaking in clinical settings and are costly due to expensive equipment [1]
The Kinect v2 sensor, originally developed for the gaming industry [2], has increasingly been studied in terms of its usability for quantitative gait assessments [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. These studies collectively revealed that the Kinect v2 sensor is a promising tool for measuring spatiotemporal gait parameters [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
Summary
Quantitative gait assessments are a major undertaking in clinical settings (e.g., calibration procedures, patient-preparation time) and are costly due to expensive equipment [1]. Kinect v2 sensor may be a cheaper and easier to use alternative It entails a RGB-D camera to create a depth image of its surrounding. The Kinect v2 sensor, originally developed for the gaming industry [2], has increasingly been studied in terms of its usability for quantitative gait assessments [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. These studies collectively revealed that the Kinect v2 sensor is a promising tool for measuring spatiotemporal gait parameters [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
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