Validation of Different Post-Emergence Herbicides for Controlling Wild Oat (Avena fatua L.) and Other Grass Weeds in Wheat (Triticum spp) at Western Oromia

doi:10.7176/jnsr/12-19-01

Abstract

A field experiment on weed control in wheat was conducted at Bako Agriculture Research center during the main season of 2017. Different herbicides were evaluated against the hand weeding and weedy check, for weed competition and grain yield of wheat. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications using the wheat variety “Danda’a” with a seed rate of 150 kg ha-1. The treatments consisted of four post-emergence herbicide; Pallas™ 45 OD, Puma super EW 75, Current 8 EC and Axial, and including Hand weeding and unwedded check for comparison. Significantly lowest weed population (10.7m 2 ) and maximum grain yield of 3306.4 kg ha-1 (with 48.4% increase in grain yield over weedy check) were recorded in the plot pallas was treated in contrary the highest weed population and low grain yield was recorded in weedy check were 54.1 weeds m -2 and 1692.1 kg ha -1 , respectively. Therefore, pallas 45 OD provided significant control of weeds causing significant reduction in density of target weed flora and also significantly improved the grain yield in comparison with other herbicides and weedy check. Hand weeded treatments fetched highest gross income and added income followed by hand weeding and current treatments. However, maximum CBR was calculated for Pallas followed current. The CBR calculated in the hand weeded treatments was though the lowest. pallas therefore recommended for effective weed control as post emergence herbicide respectively for wheat economic yield in western Ethiopia . DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-19-01 Publication date: October 31 st 2021

Highlights

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal cultivated in Ethiopia (Hailu, 1991)
Statistical analysis of the data illustrated that total weed density and number of weed species was significantly affected by post-emergency herbicide at p< 0.05 (Table 1)
Avena spp and other weed species are the major constraint in wheat production in western part of our country and its control is too important to increase wheat production and productivity

Summary

Introduction

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal cultivated in Ethiopia (Hailu, 1991). It ranks fourth in total annual grain production next to maize (8.4 mill tons), teff (5.2mill tons) and sorghum(5.1mill tons) (CSA, 2017/18). In area coverage, it is the fourth important cereal crop after Tef, maize and sorghum. The national average yield of wheat in Ethiopia is about 2.7 t/ha (CSA, 2017/18). This is by far below the world average yield. There is a wide range of factors that affecting wheat productivity in Ethiopia. Actual productivity and yield stability are influenced by biotic factors including weeds such as broad leave and grass family, and a number of pathogens (Rezenne et al, 1993; Hailu et al, 1991; Hailu and Woldeab, 2015)

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