Abstract
The precise evaluation of the system design and characteristics is a challenge for experts and engineers. This paper considers the problem of the development and application of a digital twin to assess cyberphysical systems. We analyze the details of digital twin applications at different lifecycle stages. The work reviews and summarizes properties of models concerning the digital and physical components of a cyberphysical system (CPS). The other issue of a CPS is increasing cybersecurity threat for objects, so special attention is paid to the heterogeneous digital twin usage scenarios to improve CPS cybersecurity. The article also details the heterogeneous digital twin’s implementation for a real upper-level control system of a nuclear power plant. The presented heterogeneous digital twin combines virtual machines with real equipment, namely hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) components. The achievements and drawbacks of the implemented model, including single timescale maintaining challenges, are discussed.
Highlights
The authors of the concept [3] consider the industrial enterprise of the future as a flexible and adaptable cyberphysical system (CPS) that unites manufacturing, warehousing, and logistics through the medium of the Internet of Things (IoT)
If the CPU model is supposed to be the configuration element, the digital twin must emulate the same CPU which is used in the real I&C system
upper-level control system (ULCS) network-related properties simulation is an important part of the digital twin realization because the ULCS is a distributed network control system
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The list of digital technologies that a manufacturing company of Industry 4.0 should use includes (see, for example [2,4,5]) cloud and fog computing, artificial intelligence and mobile autonomous robots, virtualization, new data transmission protocols for the IoT, and many others These technologies are intended to make up a CPS that integrates digital resources and physical, real objects into a consistent environment. Both the I&C system and its digital twin are cyber-physical systems (CPS) because they integrate computation and control with the physical environment’s sensing and actuation This potentially allows to interchangeably use some software and hardware components in both systems: real and digital. It designed allows checking architecture of the system.both separate system components and the entire architecture of the designed system
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