Abstract
Asenapine maleate is an antipsychotic drug that is indicated in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. It has low aqueous solubility and high permeability (Class II drug) and undergoes an extensive first pass effect. These problems result in low oral bioavailability (<2%). To enhance its solubility/dissolution rate and hence bioavailability, co-crystals using different co-formers in different ratios were prepared and evaluated. To study the in vitro dissolution of the drug from these co-crystals into phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), an RP-HPLC method was developed and validated according to the ICH Q2R1 guidelines. The method was linear in the range 0.1–14 µg/mL (R > 0.9998) and accurate and precise. An ANOVA test indicated that calibration curves run on different days did not differ significantly. It was sensitive (lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) = 25.03 ng/mL), specific (the co-formers did not interfere with the determination of the drug), and robust to small changes in the mobile phase (pH, composition, and flow rate). The in vitro release of asenapine maleate from the co-crystals and the physical mixture was much enhanced when compared to the in vitro dissolution of the unprocessed drug. In conclusion, the developed and validated RP-HPLC method met the acceptance criteria and was applied successfully in evaluating the in vitro release of the drug.
Highlights
Asenapine maleate is an antipsychotic drug that is indicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders [1,2,3]
The developed RP-HPLC method for the determination of asenapine maleate in the dissolution media was validated according to the ICH Guidelines Q2(R1) [38]
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Summary
Asenapine maleate is an antipsychotic drug that is indicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders [1,2,3] It has low aqueous solubility and high permeability (log P of 4.61 ± 0.05 and intrinsic solubility of 237 ± 18 μg/mL) [4]. In preformulation studies, during the development of various dosage forms, several spectrophotometric [24,25,26,27,28] and HPLC [1,5,6,24,29,30,31] methods were used to determine drug loading and study in vitro release Most of these studies just mention the kind of method without giving details. Two studies mentioned the details of the method and the some of the results of the validation, but not the details of the validation [5,6]
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