Abstract
An RC frame structure with masonry infill walls (“framed-masonry”) exposed to lateral loads acts as a composite structure. Numerical simulation of framed-masonry is difficult and generally unreliable due to many difficulties and uncertainties in its modelling. In this paper, we reviewed the usability of an advanced non-linear FEM computer program to accurately predict the behaviour of framed-masonry elements when exposed to cyclic lateral loading. Numerical results are validated against the test results of framed-masonry specimens, with and without openings. Initial simplified micromodels were calibrated by adjustment of the input parameters within the physically justifiable borders, in order to obtain the best correlation between the experimental and numerical results. It has been shown that the use of simplified micromodels for the investigation of composite masonry-infilled RC frames requires in-depth knowledge and engineering judgement in order to be used with confidence. Modelling problems were identified and explained in detail, which in turn offer an insight to practising engineers on how to deal with them.
Highlights
After earthquakes, field investigations and research results have shown that masonry infill placed within a structural RC frame (‘‘framed-masonry’’) has both positive and negative effects (Negro and Colombo 1997) (Hashemi and Mosalam 2006) on the seismicBull Earthquake Eng (2016) 14:2779–2804 performance of the system
An RC frame structure with masonry infill walls (‘‘framed-masonry’’) exposed to lateral loads acts as a composite structure
We reviewed the usability of an advanced non-linear FEM computer program to accurately predict the behaviour of framed-masonry elements when exposed to cyclic lateral loading
Summary
Field investigations and research results have shown that masonry infill placed within a structural RC frame (‘‘framed-masonry’’) has both positive and negative effects (Negro and Colombo 1997) (Hashemi and Mosalam 2006) on the seismicBull Earthquake Eng (2016) 14:2779–2804 performance of the system. Field investigations and research results have shown that masonry infill placed within a structural RC frame (‘‘framed-masonry’’) has both positive and negative effects (Negro and Colombo 1997) (Hashemi and Mosalam 2006) on the seismic. The new composite ‘‘framed-masonry’’ system has smaller drifts and deformations in structural members, together with shear resistance of higher storey and global energy dissipation. Infill walls, comprising masonry units with high horizontal strength, e.g., solid clay bricks of Group 1 as in EN 1996-1-1 (CEN 2005), can cause such an effect. E.g., Group 2 in EN 1996-1-1 (CEN 2005), with weak horizontal strength do not cause captive column effects and enable plastic hinge formation at the column-ends (Sigmund and Penava 2014). EN 1998-1 (CEN 2004a) does not encourage designers to profit from the beneficial effects of masonry infill in relation to the seismic response of RC frame structures; rather, it warns them against the adverse effects
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