Validation of a low-dose contrast 64-slice cardiac computed tomography angiography protocol for aortic valve annulus sizing

Abstract

Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is the gold standard for accurately sizing the aortic valve annulus prior to aortic valve replacement. A reduction of contrast volume administered for CCTA, without sacrificing image quality, is desirable. Signal-to-noise ratio represents final CCTA image quality. Consecutive patients referred to CCTA for aortic valve annulus sizing were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped into a low-dose contrast (LDCT) group and traditional dose contrast (TDCT) group. In the LDCT group, contrast dose was <50% of the maximal allowable dose (3.7 × estimated glomerular filtration rate). Guided by a time-density curve, the contrast was administered in a two-stage infusion, and retrospectively gated images were acquired with a 64-multidetector computed tomography scanner. Out of 123 patients (age 80 ± 9 years; 46% female), 65 (52.9%) underwent LDCT and 58 (47.2%) underwent TDCT. Contrast volume was significantly lower in the LDCT group (LDCT 41.2 ± 9.8 vs TDCT 76.2 ± 14.2 mL; P < 0.001). The signal-to-noise ratio of the aortic root was 10.4 ± 4.1 for the LDCT group and 8.4 ± 3.3 for the TDCT group (P = 0.004). Aortic root dimensions could be measured in both LDCT and TDCT groups. In conclusion, LDCT with 64-slice CCTA can effectively size the aortic valve annulus to direct aortic valve replacement while offering reduced contrast exposure.