Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detection Method for the Separation and Quantification of Antioxidant and Skin Anti-Aging Flavonoids from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Stamen Extract.

Duangjai Tungmunnithum,Christophe Hano,Samantha Drouet

doi:10.3390/molecules27031102

Abstract

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., or the so-called sacred lotus, is a useful aquatic plant in the Nelumbonaceae family that has long been used to prepare teas, traditional medicines as well as foods. Many studies reported on the phytochemicals and biological activities of its leaves and seeds. However, to date, only few studies were conducted on its stamen, which is the most important ingredient for herbal medicines, teas and other phytopharmaceutical products. Thus, this present study focuses on the following: (1) the application of high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection for a validated separation and quantification of flavonoids from stamen; (2) the Nelumbo nucifera stamen’s in vitro and in cellulo antioxidant activities; as well as (3) its potential regarding the inhibition of skin aging enzymes for cosmetic applications. The optimal separation of the main flavonoids from the stamen ethanolic extract was effectively achieved using a core-shell column. The results indicated that stamen ethanolic extract has higher concentration of in vitro and in cellulo antioxidant flavonoids than other floral components. Stamen ethanolic extract showed the highest protective effect against reactive oxygen/nitrogen species formation, as confirmed by cellular antioxidant assay using a yeast model. The evaluation of potential skin anti-aging action showed that the stamen extract has higher potential to inhibit tyrosinase and collagenase compared with its whole flower. These current findings are the first report to suggest the possibility to employ N. nucifera stamen ethanolic extract as a tyrosinase and collagenase inhibitor in cosmetic applications, as well as the utility of the current separation method.

Highlights

Sacred lotus is an aquatic flowering (Figure1), which is aas species member Japan, of the ChinLotus is a medical plant distributed inplantAsian regions such Thailand, family Nelumbonaceae.India, Sri Lanka and so forth [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
The total flavonoid content (TFC) and the DPPH radical scavenging activities of different flower parts of N. nucifera were assessed using t ultrasound-assisted extraction followed by flavonoid enrichment using DAX-8 macroporous resin (USAE-MPR), which was previously described for the extraction of flavonoids from another lotus species, Nymphea lotus [22]
Flavonoids found in pollen grains have been demonstrated to increase plant development and influence sexual reproduction owing to their antioxidant activity, which reduces the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [23]

Summary

Introduction

Sacred lotus is an aquatic flowering (Figure1), which is aas species member Japan, of the ChinLotus is a medical plant distributed inplantAsian regions such Thailand, family Nelumbonaceae.India, Sri Lanka and so forth [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Lotus is a medical plant distributed inplant. Sri Lanka and so forth [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. This plant has long been used in foods, herbal teas an. Lotus is a medical plant distributed in Asian regions such as Thailand, Japan, China, as an ingredient forLanka traditional medicines many. Thisin plant has long beencountries used in foods, herbal teasIts flow and an most ingredient for traditional in many medicine Asian countries

Methods

Results

Conclusion