Abstract
BackgroundThe study aims to validate a previously developed and published combined success criterion for patients after multimodal pain therapy (Donath et al., BMC Health Serv Res 15:272, 2015). The criterion classifies treated patients as successful in the long term on the basis of pain severity, disability through pain, depressiveness, and health-related quality of life.MethodsRoutine longitudinal data of 135 pain patients treated with multimodal pain therapy in 2014–2015 at the Interdisciplinary Pain Center of the University Clinic Erlangen were available at baseline, therapy start, therapy end, and 12 months after treatment. Patients were, on average, 51.0 (SD 11.1) years old and to 63.7% female, two thirds were employed (66.7%). We conducted an analysis of concurrent validity (with: pain severity, disability through pain, depressiveness, mental and physical quality of life), criterion validity (with disability days, self-rated success), convergent validity (with stress, anxiety, well-being), and discriminant validity (with chronicity of pain, comorbidity), objectivity, and reliability. Statistically, descriptive and inference statistics, graphical methods and MANOVAs were used.ResultsPatients classified as successful had significantly better values on the 5 variables demonstrating concurrent validity (all p < .001), significantly fewer Disability days (M = 15.31 (SD = 23.15) vs. M = 26.75 (SD = 29.15)); t (133) = 2.308; p = .024, less Anxiety (Pillai-Spur: F (3, 131) = 2.972, p = .034), less Stress (Pillai-Spur: F (3, 131) = 9.907, p < .001), and better Well-being (Pillai-Spur: F (3, 131) = 9.594, p < .001) 12 months after treatment than patients classified as not successful. The Spearman correlation between success classification and Chronicity stage was .094 (p = .280).ConclusionWe demonstrated the validity of the combined success criterion with long-term data in addition to confirming the reliability and objectivity of the criterion. Future research might consider identifying predictors of success in multi-modal pain therapy.
Highlights
The study aims to validate a previously developed and published combined success criterion for patients after multimodal pain therapy (Donath et al, BMC Health Serv Res 15:272, 2015)
Multimodal pain therapy can be counted as an effective interdisciplinary complex intervention
The three constructs we analyzed for convergent validity in our study showed correlations between .34 and .52 with the success criterion and fell within the suggested range
Summary
The study aims to validate a previously developed and published combined success criterion for patients after multimodal pain therapy (Donath et al, BMC Health Serv Res 15:272, 2015). The Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) group uses the Delphi method [4] to develop core outcome sets for clinical trials – not pain-specific but for different patient populations. We used the existing and, to date, consented “German Pain Questionnaire” [5] to define a core outcome set for multimodal pain therapy. This core set corresponds in content with the most widely used outcome domains identified by Deckert and colleagues [1].
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