Validated HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantitation of Bergenin, Arbutin, and Gallic Acid in Leaves of Different Bergenia Species

Abstract

Bergenia species (Saxifragaceae) are important sources of herbal medicines in Asia, mainly in Russia. Various plant parts are valued for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant sand adaptogenic effect, and used for the dissolution of kidney and bladder stones. In this study a rapid reversed phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for rapid screening and identifying of the main active components in leaf samples of Bergenia accessions. The main goal of this study was to develop an efficient method for the simultaneous identification and detection of arbutin, bergenin and gallic acid from Bergenia leaf samples, which were extracted with a methanolic solvent mixture [methanol:water = 1:1 (v/v)]. Chromatographic separations were performed on a reversed phase Luna C18(2)-HST HPLC column. This chromatographic system provided increased speed and efficiency for separations, without the need for ultra-high pressures. Reversed phase HPLC coupled with diode array detector method was used for the analysis. The method was validated using ICH guidelines. The level of gallic acid was significantly higher in Bergenia crassifolia samples compared to Bergenia cordifolia. However, the samples of the two Bergenia species did not differ substantially regarding the concentrations of arbutin and bergenin. The novel method proved to be fast and allowed sufficient separation and quantification of arbutin, bergenin and gallic acid, the most important bioactive compounds of Bergenia leaves; thus facilitating rapid screening and quality assessment of Bergenia samples of various botanical and geographical origins.