Validación de la versión española de la Escala Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA) como herramienta de cribado de deterioro cognitivo asociado a la esclerosis múltiple

Abstract

IntroductionThe neuropsychological batteries traditionally used for the assessment of cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with multiple sclerosis are complex tests requiring a long time to administer. Simpler tests are needed to detect cognitive impairment in daily clinical practice. ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the diagnostic validity and reliability of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test as a screening tool for CI in patients with multiple sclerosis, as compared against the Brief Neuropsychological Battery. Material and methodsWe recruited 52 patients with multiple sclerosis (61.5% women; mean age [standard deviation]: 41.7 [11.5] years). We analysed the reliability (internal consistency, interobserver reliability, and test-retest reliability), construct validity (factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination), and criterion validity (ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, total agreement, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and Fagan nomogram) of the MoCA test in this population. ResultsThe prevalence of CI was 21.2% according to findings from the Brief Neuropsychological Battery, and 25% according to the MoCA test. The MoCA test showed good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha, 0.822) and interobserver and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.80 and 0.96, respectively). The correlation coefficient between total Brief Neuropsychological Battery and MoCA test scores was 0.82. The optimal cut-off point on the ROC curve was 25-26, yielding 91% sensitivity and 93% specificity. ConclusionThe MoCA test is a valid and reliable tool for screening for CI in patients with multiple sclerosis.