Abstract
Electron energy loss spectroscopy combined with a transmission electron microscope was applied to valence analysis of transition metal ions in LiMn 2O 4, LiMnTiO 4, LiMnCrO 4 and LiMnCoO 4 powder samples. The transition metal 2 p multiplet structures were compared with those of appropriate reference samples. The Mn, Ti and Co valences were clearly determined from the 2 p spectra as LiMn 3+Mn 4+O 4, LiMn 3+Ti 4+O 4 and LiMn 4+Co 3+O 4, respectively. The O 1 s spectra were also effective for analysis of Cr in LiMnCrO 4 and showed that the Cr ion was trivalent. The electron configuration of one of nominally tetravalent chromium compounds, CrO 2, is also discussed.
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