Vagotomy associated with splenectomy reduces lipid accumulation and causes kidneys histological changes in rats with hypothalamic obesity.

Kamila Aparecida Medeiros,Marianela Andrea Díaz Urrutia,João Paulo De Arruda Amorim,Elaine Manoela Porto,Bruna Schumaker Siqueira,Sabrina Grassiolli

doi:10.1590/acb360205

Kamila Aparecida Medeiros, Marianela Andrea Díaz Urrutia + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/acb360205

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Abstract

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate the influence of autonomic vagal and splenic activities on renal histomorphometric aspects in obese rats.MethodsThirty male Wistar rats were used, of which, 24 received subcutaneous injections of monosodium glutamate (MSG) during the first 5 days of life (4 g/kg body weight) and six control animals received injections of saline solution (CON). Five experimental groups were organized (n = 6/group): falsely-operated control (CON-FO); falsely-operated obese (MSG-FO); vagotomized obese (MSG-VAG); splenectomized obese (MSG-SPL); vagotomized and splenectomized obese (MSG-VAG-SPL).ResultsThe MSG-FO group animals showed a significant reduction in body weight and nasal-anal length when compared to CON-FO group animals (p < 0.05). The MSG-VAG-SPL group showed significant reduced in most biometric parameters associated with obesity. Falsely-operated obese animals showed a significant reduction in renal weight, glomerular diameters, glomerular tuff and capsule areas and Bowman’s space compared to CON-FO group animals (p < 0.05). There was a significant reduction in diameter, glomerular tuft and capsule areas, and Bowman’s space in MSG-VAG, MSG-SPL, MSG-VAG-SPL groups when compared to the MSG-FO group.ConclusionsVagotomy associated with splenectomy induces a reduction in the adiposity and causes histological changes in the kidney of obese rats.

Highlights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most important public health problems worldwide, and its main implications involve damage to nephron structures and loss of kidney function
At the end of the experimental period (150 days of life), the animals in the monosodium glutamate (MSG)-FO obese group showed a significant reduction in body weight and nasal-anal length when compared to animals in the non-obese control rats (CON)-FO group (p < 0.05)
About the other parameters associated with obesity (Lee index and fat deposits), the MSG-FO group animals showed a significant increase in these measures when compared to CON-FO animals (p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most important public health problems worldwide, and its main implications involve damage to nephron structures and loss of kidney function It has a progressive character and is related to high morbidity and mortality[1]. The pathogenic mechanisms that influence this disease converge in a common environment, which results in progressive interstitial fibrosis, peritubular capillary loss with hypoxia and destruction of functional nephrons as a result of tubular atrophy[2,3] It has been considered the role of subclinical inflammation in the evolution of chronic-degenerative diseases[4]. The inflammation that started in the glomerulus due to some trauma, causes innumerable harmful mechanisms through the activation of the immune system in a continuous and accentuated way, which may affect the interstitial tubule space In this scenario, there is evidence of activation of the immune system over early and late stages of CKD. Studies reveal the existence of a negative relationship between circulating levels of inflammation mediators and the stage of the disease[5]

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