Vagotomie tronculaire par vidéothoracoscopie sans drainage gastrique. Étude prospective de 250 cas opérés au Sénégal

Abstract

Aim of the study The aim of this prospective study was to report early results of videothoracoscopic truncal vagotomy in non-complicated chronic duodenal ulcers. Patients and methods From 1995 to 1998, 250 patients suffering from chronic duodenal ulcer without pyloric stenosis were operated on in the main hospital of Dakar. They underwent videothoracoscopic truncal vagotomy without gastric drainage. The quality of gastric emptying and the incidence of secondary side-effects were assessed in the postoperative course and after one and three months. Results There were two intraoperative deaths, one due to aortic wound and the other one due to a poor surveillance after premature extubation. Postoperative complications included bronchopulmonary infection ( n=9), one septic pleural effusion and one chylothorax. A postoperative gastroplegia occurred in 12 patients, which was always spontaneously regressive without endoscopic pyloric dilatation. After one month, 204 patients (82%) were classified Visik 1, and 44 (18%) classified Visik 2. An endoscopic control examination showed a healed peptic ulcer and open pylorus in all patients, and a gastric stasis present in 40 cases (16%). After three months and a new evaluation, 234 were classified Visik 1 (94%) and 14 Visik 2 (6%). Dumping syndrome was not observed in this series and the incidence of diarrhea, which was 40% after one month, decreased to 3% after three months. Conclusion The functional results of truncular vagotomy without gastric drainage were good or very good and improved with time. The quality of digestive comfort and the low frequency of side-effects are good arguments in favor of this procedure as an elective treatment of duodenal ulcers in developing countries.