Abstract
Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women who carried twin pregnancies and received vaginal progesterone. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 203 out of 1686 women with twin pregnancies received natural progesterone (200 mg/day between gestational weeks 16 + 0 and 36 + 0) vaginally for ≥ 4 weeks. The control group consisted of 1483 women with twin pregnancies without progesterone administration. Pearson’s Chi squared test, Fisher’s exact test, and Student’s t-test was used to compare differences between the control and the progesterone-treated groups. A multivariate binary logistic regression was performed to assess relative independent associations on the dependent outcome of GDM incidence. Results: Vaginal progesterone treatment in twin pregnancies had no significant influence on developing GDM (p = 0.662). Higher pre-pregnancy BMI (OR 1.1; p < 0.001), GDM in previous pregnancy (OR 6.0; p < 0.001), and smoking during pregnancy (OR 1.6; p = 0.014) posed an increased risk for developing GDM. Conclusion: In twin pregnancies, the use of vaginal progesterone for the prevention of recurrent preterm delivery was not associated with an increased risk of GDM.
Highlights
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy
203 women had been treated with vaginal progesterone 200 mg/day for ≥ 4 weeks from the second trimester on, whereas 1483 women did not receive progesterone treatment
Retrospective, case-control study of women with twin pregnancies, we could not demonstrate an association between the use of vaginal progesterone in the second trimester and increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy. Women with GDM during pregnancy have an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, while children born to mothers with GDM have higher risk for developing obesity and high blood pressure already as adolescents [3]. We aimed to investigate the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women who carried twin pregnancies and received vaginal progesterone. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 203 out of 1686 women with twin pregnancies received natural progesterone (200 mg/day between gestational weeks 16 + 0 and 36 + 0) vaginally for ≥ 4 weeks. The control group consisted of 1483 women with twin pregnancies without progesterone administration. Conclusion: In twin pregnancies, the use of vaginal progesterone for the prevention of recurrent preterm delivery was not associated with an increased risk of GDM
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