Vaginal pH Measurement as a Strategy for the Early Diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Atrophy in the Development of Menopause

Abstract

Objective: Most studies use clinical examination and evaluation of symptoms as subjective forms for the diagnosis of vaginal atrophy. Vaginal hormonal cytology and vaginal pH are objective forms commonly used, however, mainly for treatment control purposes. Despite the relevance of the early diagnosis of vaginal atrophy, we are not aware of studies that objectively or subjectively evaluate the evolution of the parameters with this intention. The aim of the study was to assess if the instruments most used in scientific studies for indication and follow-up of AVV therapy could be used for the early diagnosis of AVV. Methods: The sample consisted of 40 women, 21 in the menopausal/ premenopausal transition (Group 1) and 19 in the postmenopausal (Group 2), between 40 and 65 years old. Results: It was observed that the set of parameters evaluated, such as: symptoms, clinical examination, vaginal pH, cell maturation value and questionnaire, mainly when used in an associated way, suggest being efficient for the diagnosis of AVV. In general, the observed changes in pH measurement show a good association with cell cytology, which was very characteristic in the two experimental groups (pre and postmenopausal). In addition, pH also showed good association with clinical examination parameters and the main symptoms and signs of menopause. Conclusion: Finally, the results herein shown seems to be promising in relation to the use of vaginal pH measurement as a “tool” for the early diagnosis of AVV.