Abstract
Work function changes, or vacuum-level shifts (ΔVLS), in Al(001) surfaces by the adsorption of thin layers composed of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq3) and/or LiF are theoretically investigated. First-principles calculations reasonably reproduce experimentally obtained ΔVLS values, enabling us to discuss the underlying mechanism. Dipole moment of Alq3 and interfacial charge rearrangement (Pauli push-back effect) are the main reasons for ΔVLS at Al(001)–Alq3 and Al(001)–LiF interfaces, respectively. For a stacked Al(001)–LiF–Alq3 layer configuration, theory suggests a more complicated picture, which takes charge rearrangement between LiF and Alq3 layers into account, than a simple sum rule of dipole contributions from the two layers.
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