Abstract
AimTimely vaccination is essential to achieve full potential of the vaccination especially in child population. Despite of success in increasing the coverage in India's universal immunization programme (UIP), timely vaccination remains a challenge. This study aims to understand the key socioeconomic correlates of vaccination delay and guide by charting the future course of action. Subject & methodsThis study was a part of the review conducted in four states namely Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Assam and Haryana to understand the equity issues in immunization. It was a cross-sectional study where 293 mothers of children aged 12–35 months were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaire. Association of delay in immunization and co-variates were examined through multilevel Poisson regression framework. ResultsTimely vaccination was poor for most of the antigens except Measles. Only 52.6% of children had BCG on time and very few for Pentavalent doses as per the scheduled time (Penta-1: 3.4%, Penta-2: 1.4% and Penta-3: none). Whereas, measles showed better coverage (75%) for timely vaccination as compared to other basic antigens. About 72.7% received their basic vaccination in first year of life. Religion and mother's education were found to be associated with delay in all vaccination as per the schedule (at Birth, 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks and 9–12 month). ConclusionTimeliness of vaccination definitely requires attention to avoid increased risk of infection among children and avoid epidemics and outbreaks. There is a need to increase attention towards urban areas and improve the timeliness of vaccination and utilise the complete potential of the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP).
Highlights
Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health in terventions to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs).[1]
The pathway to achieve national immunization goal has been cemented over the past decade with promising achievements, noteworthy being the expansion of the bou quet of immunization services with the introduction of new vaccines, increased budgetary allocation, greater focus on immunization research, innovations and technological advancements, with all key stakeholders
Identifying and understanding the factors related to social de terminants on delay in routine immunization programs in India is important to improve both vaccination coverage and timeliness of vaccination
Summary
Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health in terventions to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs).[1]. The pathway to achieve national immunization goal has been cemented over the past decade with promising achievements, noteworthy being the expansion of the bou quet of immunization services with the introduction of new vaccines, increased budgetary allocation, greater focus on immunization research, innovations and technological advancements, with all key stakeholders (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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