Vaccination of adults with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine induces robust antibody responses against pneumococcal serotypes associated with serious clinical outcomes

Abstract

ABSTRACTPNEUMOVAX™ 23, a 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV23), covers 65% to 91% of the isolates recovered from adult cases of invasive pneumococcal disease. Several studies have demonstrated that pneumococcal serotypes 31, 11A, 35F, 17F, 3, 16F, 19F, 15B, and 10A are associated with higher case-fatality or meningitis rates than other pneumococcal serotypes. This study (U05-PnPS-403; EudraCT: 2008-003648-12) evaluated the immune response followings administration of PPV23 for 4 of these serotypes (10A, 11A, 15B, and 17F), that are included in PPV23 but not in licensed pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Serotype-specific IgG geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) and geometric mean fold-rises (GMFRs) for these 4 serotypes were measured by a validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 104 subjects >50 y of age who were enrolled in a study evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of a single-dose of PPV23. At 1 month post-vaccination, GMCs for serotypes10A, 11A, 15B and 17F were 6.5, 4.3, 14.7, and 5.1 µg/mL, respectively. GMFRs from baseline were 9.0, 4.5, 8.4, and 11.5, respectively. The percentages of subjects achieving >2-fold increases in IgG GMCs between pre-vaccination and 1 month post-vaccination were 90%, 85%, 88% and 89%, respectively. In conclusion, PPV23 induces a robust immune response in adults to pneumococcal serotypes 10A, 11A, 15B, and 17F, which have been associated with elevated case-fatality or meningitis rates.