Vaccination coverage and risk factors for incomplete vaccination in children with recurrent wheeze

Abstract

Aim To determine the possible impact of recurrent wheeze on immunisation status in the first three years of life. Method A cross-sectional case control study of 288 children less than three years of age with a history of recurrent wheezing, hospitalised at a single centre for wheeze; and a control group of 190 children with no prior history of wheezing .Vaccination charts of all children were analysed according to the National Immunisation Schedule. Additionally, some associated data were collected through a questionnaire to the parents. Results Children with recurrent wheezing during the first three years of life were less likely to be vaccinated against BCG (Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin), hepatitis B, Hib (Haemophilus influenza type B), and MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) (p < 0.001). A significant inverse association was also found between the number of wheezy episodes and the number of vaccine doses received. The odds ratio of incomplete vaccination in children with recurrent wheeze was 10.6 (95% CI, 2.96 to 38.1). Conclusion Children under three years of age with recurrent wheeze run a high risk of incomplete immunisation. Efforts should be therefore made to insure that such children receive adequate vaccination.