Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) may be affected by coinfections with other pathogens, such as porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Therefore, sanitary measures focused on controlling PCV2 could be useful in reducing the impact of TB in this wild suid. The aim of this study was to explore whether vaccination against PCV2 targeting young animals affects TB prevalence and TB severity in wild boar. The study was conducted on a game estate in mid-western Spain. Seventy animals of ages ranging from 4 to 8months were captured, individually identified, vaccinated against PCV2 and released, forming a vaccinated group. Not-captured animals cohabiting with the vaccinated wild boar constituted the control group. Animals from both groups were hunted between 2013 and 2016 and a TB diagnosis based on pathological assessment and microbiological culture was made in all of them. The effect of PCV2 vaccination on TB prevalence and severity was explored using generalized lineal models. Whereas TB prevalence was similar in vaccinated and control groups (54.55 vs. 57.78%), vaccinated animals showed less probabilities to develop generalized TB lesions. Furthermore, mean TB severity score was significantly lower in vaccinated animals (1.55 vs. 2.42) suggesting a positive effect of PCV2 vaccination.
Highlights
AND PURPOSEBovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis that leads to sig-Vaccination Against Porcine Circovirus-2 Reduces Severity of Tuberculosis in Wild Boar 389In recent decades, bovine TB has been eradicated from many European nations (e.g. France, Germany) (EFSA 2014)
The results generated by this experiment showed an association between single-dose porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination and TB severity in wild boar
Mean TB pathological score observed in vaccinated animals was 36% lower than mean score found in control group (1.55 vs. 2.42)
Summary
AND PURPOSEBovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis that leads to sig-Vaccination Against Porcine Circovirus-2 Reduces Severity of Tuberculosis in Wild Boar 389In recent decades, bovine TB has been eradicated from many European nations (e.g. France, Germany) (EFSA 2014). A high prevalence of bovine TB found in mid-western areas of Spain has been related to the presence of wild reservoirs of M. bovis, mainly wild boar (Sus scrofa) (Gortazar et al 2005). TB-affected wild boar that are coinfected with pathogens, such as PCV2 or Metastrongylus spp., have shown higher probabilities of suffering from severe TB lesions (Risco et al 2014). In this scenario, sanitary measures focused on controlling these concomitant pathogens, like vaccination against PCV2 or periodic anthelmintic treatments, could be useful to reduce TB prevalence and TB severity in the wild boar
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