Abstract
In this study, the vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNT), and polypyrrole (PPy) based composites films have been prepared through a facile synthesis method and their electrochemical performance were evaluated as freestanding negative electrodes of supercapacitor. A hydrous V2O5 gel prepared by treating V2O5 powder with H2O2 was mixed with f-CNT to obtain V2O5/f-CNT composite film. V2O5/f-CNT composite was then coated with PPy through vapor phase polymerization method. The PPy deposited on the V2O5/f-CNT prevented the dissolution of V2O5 and thus resulted in an improved the capacitance and cycle life stability for V2O5/f-CNT/PPy composite electrode. V2O5/f-CNT/PPy freestanding negative electrode exhibited a high areal capacitance value (1266 mF cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2) and good cycling stability (83.0% capacitance retention after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles). The superior performance of the V2O5/f-CNT/PPy composite electrode can be attributed to the synergy between f-CNT with high conductivity and V2O5 and PPy with high-energy densities. Thus, V2O5/f-CNT/PPy composite based electrode can effectively mitigate the drawbacks of the low specific capacitance of CNTs and the poor cycling life of V2O5.
Highlights
Electrochemical supercapacitors (SCs) have recently attracted a lot of attention due to their high power density, fast charging/discharging rates, high cycling stability, low fabrication costs, and environmental friendliness, making them a good candidate for use as the energy storage system for hand-held portable devices, wearable electro-optical devices, and sensors [1,2]
According to the energy storage mechanism, SCs can be divided into electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors [3,4,5,6]
No free hydrogen peroxide can be detected in the solution, and an aqueous solution of dioxovanadium cation [VO2 ]+
Summary
Electrochemical supercapacitors (SCs) have recently attracted a lot of attention due to their high power density, fast charging/discharging rates, high cycling stability, low fabrication costs, and environmental friendliness, making them a good candidate for use as the energy storage system for hand-held portable devices, wearable electro-optical devices, and sensors [1,2]. The carbon materials based EDLCs store energy by the formation of the electrical double layer via electrostatic attraction at the electrode/electrolyte interface, which exhibits fast charging/discharging kinetics, wide potential window, high power density, and high cycling stability, but EDLC is limited by their low specific capacitance [3,7]. The conducting polymer, transition metal compounds, and redox-active materials-based pseudocapacitors store energy by the fast and reversible redox reaction at the electrode/electrolyte interface [8]. In order to improve the energy storage properties, the hybrid SCs fabricated from the electrode consisting of carbon materials, conducting polymer, transition metal compound, and redox-active material have been developed [14,15,16,17]
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