V2I Propagation Loss Predictions in Simplified Urban Environment: A Two-Way Parabolic Equation Approach

Mikhail Lytaev,Eugene Borisov,Andrei Vladyko

doi:10.3390/electronics9122011

Abstract

This study is devoted to radio wave propagation modeling in the urban environment. Special attention has been paid to the features of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. For the first time, the three-dimensional bidirectional parabolic equation (PE) method has been applied to the specified problem. Buildings and other obstacles are modeled by impenetrable (perfectly electric conducting) cuboids. A harmonic radiation source with an arbitrary direction pattern may be modeled. Numerical simulation is performed for various propagation scenarios. A comparison with the ray-tracing (RT) method is given. The results of the numerical simulation prove the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. Some recommendations for deploying VANETs are obtained based on the numerical results.

Highlights

Many studies are currently being conducted on the development, deployment, and operation of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) [1,2,3]
We propose to use the rigorous parabolic equation (PE) method [20], which is based on Maxwell’s equations
For numerical calculation of integrals (4) and (5) we introduce the following uniform grid in the spatial and spectral domains ny

Summary

Introduction

Many studies are currently being conducted on the development, deployment, and operation of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) [1,2,3]. It is expected that such networks will contribute to road safety, effective management of automobile traffic, development of driver assistance systems and autonomous vehicles. This technology is based on the communion of vehicles over a wireless communication channel with each other, fixed base stations and pedestrians. 802.11p standard, operating at 5.9 GHz. With the increasing density of transmitting radio devices, the problem of their optimal location is becoming more acute. It is necessary to increase its real coverage and reduce mutual interference

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Results

Conclusion