ХVІІ-ХІХ ғасырлардағы қазақ хандарының хаттары және дипломатиялық хат алмасулардағы шағатай тілінің рөлі

Abstract

In the international relations of the Kazakh Khanate of the XVII-XIX centuries, the main diplomatic source were the letters of the Kazakh khans and sultans. The famous historian I.V. Yerofeyeva made a great contribution to the issue of a comprehensive study of the letters of the ruling elite of Kazakh society and their introduction into scientific circulation. For the historian-researcher, the letters of the khans and sultans are a valuable source, since they contain reliable historical information about the domestic and foreign policy situation in the Kazakh Khanate. The scientific article based on the two-volume fundamental research “Epistolary heritage of the Kazakh ruling elite of 1675-1821” published under the leadership of I.V. Yerofeyeva in 2014 examines the letters of khans and sultans, describes the features of the rule of the Kazakh ruling elite. The article also pays considerable attention to the issues of the Chagatai language, which served and was widely used in the diplomatic seice during the historical period under consideration. In the XVI-XIX centuries, the khans’ and sultans’ letters were mainly written in the literary Chagatay or Central Asian Turkic language. The Chagatay language served as a business language in the steppe khanates and was widely used in diplomatic correspondence with the monarchs of neighboring countries.