Uzroci i ishodi lečenja respiratornog distresa kod novorođenčadi kasne preterminske gestacije - iskustvo tercijarnog neonatalnog centra

Abstract

Introduction/Aim: Respiratory distress (RD) is the most common cause of morbidity in preterm infants. The current study was under-taken to determine causes of RD in late preterm infants, analyze characteristics of RD regarding gestational age, compare different clinical forms of RD and determine the factors influencing the unfavorable outcome of late preterm infants with RD. Methods: The study included infants born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation with RD hospitalized at the Institute for Mother and Child Health Care of Serbia "Dr Vukan Cupic". Demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical signs and course of the disease, the occurrence of complications, as well as quantification of disease severity were analyzed. The outcome was assessed through mortality , duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of hospital stay. Patients were ranked and compared according to gestation and type of RD. Descriptive and analytic statistical methods were used for analyzing the results. Results: The study comprised a total of 65 late preterm newborns with RD, the majority of whom were male (n=44, 67.7%). Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (46.2%) and transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) (40%) were the most common causes of RD. TTN was most prevalent in neonates in the 36 th gestational week, whether RDS was most present before 35 th gestational week. The average length of hospital stay was 15 days and mortality in the group was 1.5%. Conclusion: The most prevalent causes of RD in late preterm infants are RDS and TTN. Late preterm infants represent a vulnerable group of newborns, with a heightened risk of associated morbidity and mortality.