Abstract
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have played an increasingly important role in the fields of ocean exploration, underwater environment monitoring, underwater navigation target tracking, terrain-assisted navigation, and so on. However, UWSNs are a dynamic network, which are unlike terrestrial wireless sensor networks, and the complexity of underwater environment poses many challenges for the positioning of sensor nodes. Aiming at the difficulty of location update, this paper proposes a UWSN positioning technology based on iterative optimization and data position correction (IO-DPC). Firstly, particle swarm optimization technology is used to perform the rough positioning stage of sensor nodes, and iterative optimization is performed for many times. Then, data position correction work is carried out, and a scheme is designed for correcting underwater sensor data position when base station receives the data packet. An underwater ocean current model is established, and IO-DPC technology is simulated in various underwater simulation environments. Experimental results show that IO-DPC technology has higher positioning accuracy than other traditional technologies.
Highlights
In recent years, with the development of marine engineering and underwater communication technology, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have been widely used in marine environment monitoring, marine biological research, disaster forecasting, auxiliary navigation, resource exploration, and military purposes [1, 2], which have attracted the focus of researchers
Similar to terrestrial wireless sensor networks (TWSNs), Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are composed of fixed nodes with known locations and ordinary nodes with unknown locations
3 Design of IO-DPC system structure In view of the complexity of underwater environment, the problems of excessive positioning error, long positioning time, and large energy loss caused by underwater dynamic network, this paper proposes a UWSN positioning technology based on iterative optimization and data position correction (IO-DPC)
Summary
With the development of marine engineering and underwater communication technology, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have been widely used in marine environment monitoring, marine biological research, disaster forecasting, auxiliary navigation, resource exploration, and military purposes [1, 2], which have attracted the focus of researchers. UWSNs still face many challenges, including high transmission delay, limited available bandwidth, large propagation loss, the time-varying multipath effect is serious, and the energy of sensor nodes is limited [5, 6], etc., which makes underwater positioning more challenging. Due to the large number and density of UWSN nodes deployed, base station cannot accurately obtain the location information of all nodes. The location information of sensor nodes needs to be obtained by accurate positioning technology. In order to provide accurate location information to system users, beacon nodes need to transmit their own location information and data information received from their neighbor nodes. In the process of communication, sensor nodes must determine their own position before transmitting data to their neighbors; these nodes must be self-locating. The static network positioning scheme needs to run regularly so as to update locations of sensors in real time, which leads to high positioning system overhead and high sensor power loss [10, 11]
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