UWB Saleh–Valenzuela model for underwater acoustic sensor network

Abstract

Underwater communications are affected by multipath propagation, channel time variation, phase, amplitude fluctuation, low available bandwidth, and large propagation delay. This underwater communication uses acoustic waves instead of electromagnetic waves, results in low data rate as compared to aerial communication. To compensate these factors affecting underwater acoustic sensor network a modified ultra-wideband Saleh–Valenzuela (S–V) channel model is proposed. First, the double Poisson distribution in the S–V model followed by every path cluster arrival is applied. Then the multipath channel gain followed by Rician distribution is characterized using ultra-wideband channel results in proposed underwater communication channel. Various ranges in underwater communication are examined based on channel impulse response, excess delay, RMS delay and average power delay using MATLAB. The applications of the channel model are useful for surveys in the underwater environment by estimating the range and position of the research object.