Abstract
Generation and transformation of alkenyl carbenium ions formed upon adsorption of hydrocarbons in zeolites were investigated by UV-VIS spectroscopy. Bands generally observed in the ranges of 290–320, 350–370 and 430–460 nm were assigned to mono-, di- and trienylic carbenium ions. Characteristic band shifts of the alkenyl carbenium ions to the higher wavelengths were found, due to the formation of branched, i.e. more stable carbenium ions. Standard heats of formation, obtained from semiempirical methods showed that with increasing alkyl substitution the stability of carbenium ions increases. The π-π ★ MO distances computed are in accordance with the experimentally observed shifts of the band maxima.
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