Uveitis Masquerade Syndrome: Typical Symptoms and Presentations

Abstract

The uveitis masquerade syndrome (UMS) describes a series of malignant diseases that mimic inflammatory conditions without belonging to the group of immune-mediated uveitis entities. The correct diagnosis is often difficult to establish, despite a detailed ophthalmological and general medical history using all imaging modalities and interdisciplinary cooperation. In the case of recurrent inflammation, it is very important to consider an UMS, since any delay in proving the underlying diagnosis and initiating the appropriate therapy may be associated with the risk of systemic spread and consecutive deterioration of the prognosis. Often, after all conservative options have been exhausted, the only remaining option to confirm the correct diagnosis might be an intraocular biopsy. The present work focuses on the leading symptoms, differential diagnoses and clinical signs of UMS.