Abstract
The polymers IP-Dip, IP-L, and IP-S are among the most commonly used photo-resists employed for the rapid prototyping of optical components using two-photon polymerization. Despite the widespread use of these polymers, measured data on their optical properties is scarce. Recently, the refractive index n of these polymers has been determined in the visible and near-infrared spectral range. However, the accurate optical properties including extinction coefficient κ in the ultraviolet spectral range have not been reported yet. Here we report on accurate, ellipsometric measurements of the complex dielectric functions of two-photon polymerized IP-Dip, IP-L, and IP-S in the spectral range from 210 nm to 1500 nm. Model dielectric functions composed of oscillators with Lorentz, Gaussian, and Tauc-Lorentz broadenings are presented for all investigated polymers.
Highlights
Three-dimensional direct laser writing (3D-DLW) based on two-photon polymerization has enabled the fabrication of optical components composed of sub-wavelength-sized elements, forming virtually arbitrary architectures in free space [1]
First demonstrated in 2004 for the synthesis of infrared photonic crystals [2], two-photon polymerization is widely employed for the synthesis of three-dimensional structures with a spatial resolution ranging from nm- to μm-scales [3,4,5]
We have recently reported on the infrared complex dielectric functions of two commercially available and frequently employed 3D-DLW-compatible polymers IP-Dip and IP-L
Summary
Three-dimensional direct laser writing (3D-DLW) based on two-photon polymerization has enabled the fabrication of optical components composed of sub-wavelength-sized elements, forming virtually arbitrary architectures in free space [1]. First demonstrated in 2004 for the synthesis of infrared photonic crystals [2], two-photon polymerization is widely employed for the synthesis of three-dimensional structures with a spatial resolution ranging from nm- to μm-scales [3,4,5] Contemporary applications of this technique have enabled the fabrication of complex optical components [6,7,8]. We have recently reported on the infrared complex dielectric functions of two commercially available and frequently employed 3D-DLW-compatible polymers IP-Dip and IP-L We report on the complex dielectric functions of two-photon polymerized IP-Dip, IP-L, and IP-S in the UV–VIS –NIR sepctral range (210 nm to 1500 nm) determined using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Common for all investigated polymers is the strong absorption for wavelenghts below 400 nm, but the number, strength, amplitude, and broadening of the observed absorption bands differ substantially between two-photon polymerized IP-Dip, IP-L, and IP-S
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