Abstract
A petrochemical effluent is usually a matrix of very high complexity and composition variability, requiring robust and suitable methods for routine analysis. In this paper, the feasibility of applying a voltammetric technique for the determination of metals species in the petrochemical industry effluent was demonstrated after UV-assisted digestion procedure. Voltammetric (electrolyte volume, deposit time, pulse time, pulse amplitude and scan rate) and digestion variables (hydrogen peroxide volume, nitric acid volume and digestion time) were studied using a 2-level factorial design. The developed voltammetric method using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) presented limits of quantification of 11, 5, 15 and 5 µg L−1 for Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu, respectively, and was effective to analyze petrochemical effluents after UV-digestion.
Highlights
The importance of petrochemicals in the modern world has become significant, influencing various commercial sectors due to extensive use of its products to replace traditional raw materials such as paper, steel, glass, leather, wood, cotton, wool, silk, and natural and brass coatings
It can be assumed that the ideal digestion for petrochemical effluent samples would be held at experiment 8 or performed at the central point of the experimental design
The result of this preliminary assessment was confirmed by the response surfaces of the experimental design, which were obtained by processing the zinc concentration data (Figure 2)
Summary
The importance of petrochemicals in the modern world has become significant, influencing various commercial sectors due to extensive use of its products to replace traditional raw materials such as paper, steel, glass, leather, wood, cotton, wool, silk, and natural and brass coatings. Whether for environmental awareness or obligation imposed by law, reducing consumption of natural resources and minimizing waste and effluents has become the industry’s focus, resulting in cleaner and more sustainable processes. Contaminants present in the effluent may come from the raw material, from the production process reactions and/or plant maintenance. Metals are among the most critical contaminants Due to their toxicity, even at low concentrations, Pb and Cd are key elements, while Cu and Zn are important because they play a vital role or are toxic, depending on their concentrations and the nature of the considered bodies.[1] These metals are present in many industrial chemical processes and water resources are the most affected when the effluents do not receive adequate treatment
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