Abstract
ObjectiveTo study the effect of health educational video instruction on increasing patients' knowledge in a hospital waiting area of a developing country.MethodsAn educational video on signs, symptoms, and risk factors of myocardial infarction (MI) was played in an Emergency Department (ED) patient waiting area of an urban tertiary care hospital in India. Participants (n = 217) were randomly assigned to two groups: an intervention group that viewed the MI video (n = 111) and a control group that did not view the video (n = 106). Each group took a standard survey of thirty-seven questions to assess baseline knowledge pertaining to MI (pretest). The intervention group then viewed the video and the initial survey was re-administered to each group (posttest).ResultsAt baseline (pretest) there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control group in the mean number of correct (18.1 vs. 19.0, p = 0.19), incorrect (9.4 vs. 8.6, p = 0.27) and unsure (9.6 vs. 9.3, p = 0.78) responses per participant. After viewing the video on MI, the intervention group had a statistically significant improvement in the mean number of correct responses (27.0 vs. 20.0, p < 0.001), and a significant decline in the mean number of unsure responses (1.8 vs. 9.4, p < 0.001) compared to the posttest responses of the control group. There was no significant change in the number of incorrect responses on the posttest between the intervention and control groups, (8.3 vs. 7.7, p = 0.35), respectively.ConclusionA health educational video can serve as an effective tool for increasing patients' short-term knowledge and awareness of health conditions in a hospital waiting area of a developing country.Practice ImplicationsHealth educational videos serve as a public health low cost intervention that demonstrates clear short term benefits. Health care workers in developing countries can help educate individuals presenting to hospitals by displaying these videos in hospital waiting areas.
Highlights
As a developing country, India has witnessed unprecedented socioeconomic growth in the past few decades
Analysis of demographic data showed no significant differences between control and intervention groups on all measured variables, except “years of formal education” and “history of hypertension”
This study suggests that health educational videos may have an applicable role in educating patients in hospital waiting areas of the developing world
Summary
India has witnessed unprecedented socioeconomic growth in the past few decades. Healthcare delivery in India occurs in a variety of rural and urban settings, with a majority of patients who are poor, illiterate, and have limited access to health information [2]. The lack of recognition of a serious medical event among populations in the developing world is well documented. One study in northwest India demonstrated that most patients lacked awareness of basic signs and symptoms of stroke [5]. Another study conducted among stroke patients and those accompanying them had similar findings and suggested that audiovisual interventions may help to remedy the problem [6]. Video interventions are helpful at teaching poorly educated, illiterate populations about health issues [7]
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