Abstract
Photo-thermosensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines of rice have tremendous potential in realizing further quantum yield and economical hybrid rice seed production cost. The study was conducted during two rice growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 at the Experimental Farm of the Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. Ten hybrid rice combinations derived from hybridization of one elite and adapted Japonica PTGMS line (PTGMS-38) and ten Indica, Japonica and Indica Japonica genotypes along with two check (Giza 178 and Giza 179) were used to analyze the genetic parameters and standard heterosis for 10 traits. Highly significant positive standard heterosis over the best local check varieties Giza 178 and Giza 179 for grain yield/plant was observed in all hybrids. The hybrids, PTGMS-38 x Sakha 106 (H10), PTGMS-38 x GZ8479 (H9), PTGMS-38 x Chinese 2 (H8), PTGMS-38 x Giza 177 (H6) and PTGMS-38 x Sakha 101 (H7) with standard heterosis of 54.47, 54.03, 51.63, 50.98 and 49.24%, respectively over the best local check variety Giza 179 were considered as promising. Mean sum of squares due to genotypes showed significant differences for ten traits studied, indicating the presence of high genetic variability among the genotypes. The estimation of GCV was lower than the respective PCV, indicating the influence of environmental factor on the expression of the studied traits. Characters like, spikelet fertility percentage (99.12 and 47.21%), grain yield/plant (98.30 and 36.11%), plant height (99.20 and 35.28%), panicle weight (97.30 and 35.27%) and flag leaf area (89.32 and 31.97%) showed high heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance, suggesting that selection for the improvement of these characters may be rewarding and also greater role of non-additive gene action and suggesting heterosis breeding could be used to improve these characters. Based on ten studied characters, the genotypes were grouped into three clusters at 0.98% similarities coefficient.
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