Utilizing technology: A cross-sectional study on ICT in healthcare in Kericho County, Kenya.

Abstract

The potential for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in healthcare is immense, revolutionizing the delivery of medical services and improving patient outcomes. ICT efficiently manages health information, facilitating electronic health records (EHRs) and streamlined communication among healthcare professionals, leading to significant changes, especially in underserved areas. This cross-sectional study took place between March and April 2023 among healthcare professionals in Kericho County, Kenya. Participants were selected using simple random sampling and completed a self-administered questionnaire. Data on the ICT status of health facilities were collected using a checklist. The qualitative component involved key informant interviews with a health record and information department officer. Collected data were entered into Excel and analysed using R software for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The study engaged 201 participants. Findings showed a 67.66% [95% CI=0.607, 0.741]; p-value<0.0001, uptake of ICT among healthcare workers. Those with computer training were approximately 10 times [OR = 10.867, 95% CI=3.121, 40.99] more likely to utilize ICT in service delivery than those without IT training. Operating at least one healthcare database was associated with over 2 times [OR=2.552, 95% CI=0.7475, 8.7195] higher likelihood of ICT uptake compared to those without this skill. Health facilities with eHealth platforms showed, on average, 38% higher [OR=1.386, 95% CI=0.7661, 2.223] utilization of ICT than those without. IT training for personnel is crucial, ensuring they can operate preferred health management and information systems (HMIS) within the sector. The presence of an IT department and the use of ICT for administrative purposes significantly affected the general uptake of ICT in health facilities. Additionally, infrastructure such as roads, power, and security had a significant association with ICT compliance. Improving these supportive elements will considerably enhance ICT uptake in healthcare.