Abstract
The current three-dimensionally (3D) delimited property units are in most countries registered using two-dimensional (2D) documentation and textual descriptions. This approach has limitations if used for representing the actual extent of complicated 3D property units, in particular in city centers. 3D digital models such as building information model (BIM) and 3D geographic information system (GIS) could be utilized for accurate identification of property units, better representation of cadastral boundaries, and detailed visualization of complex buildings. To facilitate this, several requirements need to be identified considering organizational, legal, and technical aspects. In this study, we formulate these requirements and then develop a framework for integration of 3D cadastre and 3D digital models. The aim of this paper is that cadastral information stored based on the land administration domain model (LADM) are integrated with BIM on building level for accurate representation of legal boundaries and with GIS on city level for visualization of 3D cadastre in urban environments. The framework is implemented and evaluated against the requirements in a practical case study in Sweden. The conclusion is that the integration of the cadastral information and BIM/GIS is possible on both conceptual level and data level which will facilitate that organizations dealing with cadastral information (cadastral units), BIM models (architecture, engineering, and construction companies), and GIS (surveying units on e.g., municipality level) can exchange information; this facilitates better representation and visualization of 3D cadastral boundaries.
Highlights
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cadastre cannot fully present and visualize spatial information in a clear and illustrative way and satisfy the needs for example for the structures and space usages of complex buildings above and underground
The results show that the efficiency for combining CityGML 3.0 with land administration domain model (LADM) is good
We propose a general framework for integrating cadastral information with building information modelling (BIM) on the building level and with CityGML on the city level
Summary
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cadastre cannot fully present and visualize spatial information in a clear and illustrative way and satisfy the needs for example for the structures and space usages of complex buildings above and underground. The current three-dimensionally delimited property units ( referred to as “3D property units,” see e.g., [1]) are still registered using 2D documentation in most countries, as well as the representation of legal property boundaries which are presented in a textual description and shown on 2D maps and drawings, which apply for rights, restrictions, and responsibilities (RRRs) [2,3]. This representation of the 3D cadastre is often insufficient, since the graphical representation is limited to land parcels and strata plan drawings [4]. All physical building elements could be modelled, stored, and managed hierarchically in the IFC standard, which makes it easy to exchange building information for multiple purposes in different BIM platforms
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