Abstract
Due to the energy transition process, distribution systems will feature a high penetration of distributed renewable energy sources (RESs). The multiple distributed generation can provide emergency power supply to critical loads against blackouts caused by natural disasters and malicious attacks. However, the uncertainty of RESs, the control mode variation of RESs together with energy storage systems (ESSs), and the interaction among distribution system operator (DSO) and RESs add increasing difficulties to load restoration decisions. This paper applies the coordination control strategy to enable RESs to regulate the frequency and voltage during restoration process. Then, distributed energy resource management systems (DERMSs) and its aggregation characteristic are studied in load restoration. Finally, a two-step scenario-based stochastic optimization with the DSO-DERMS interaction framework is formulated to utilize RESs for resilient distribution systems. At last, the proposed critical load restoration optimization method is validated on a modified IEEE 37 and 123 node test feeder to verify the effectiveness.
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