Abstract
Today, researchers around the globe are looking for suitable alternatives of conventional fillers which can form flexible pavements with satisfactory engineering performance in an environmental friendly and cost-effective manner. This study investigated the engineering, economical, and environmental viability of recycling waste glass powder (GP) and glass-hydrated lime (GL) composite as alternative fillers, in place of stone dust (SD). All fillers were characterized, and asphalt concrete mixes incorporating them at different proportions (4–8.5%) were designed using the Marshall mix design method. The engineering performance of asphalt mixes was analyzed using the static creep analysis, indirect tensile fatigue test, Cantabro test, modified Lottman test, resilient modulus test, mixing time analysis, and boiling water test. Additionally, the design of single km of two-lane flexible pavements utilizing aforesaid mixes was done as per the mechanistically empirical method suggested in IRC 37 guideline. Finally, the economic and environmental analysis was done by comparing their material cost and global warming potential (GWP). GL and GP mixes exhibited better resistance against rutting, fatigue, and low temperature cracking at lower optimum asphalt content than SD mixes. However, GP mixes also displayed poor moisture resistance and adhesion due to the high amount of silica in GP. GL mixes had satisfactory moisture resistance up to 7% filler content due to the fine nature and anti-stripping properties of hydrated lime. The pavement containing GL and GP fillers also reduced material cost and GWP up to 35% while consuming up to 74 tons of GP.
Highlights
In recent years, reclaim, reuse, and recycling of wastes in place of virgin materials have become a recurring theme of growing importance
Various sizes of mineral aggregates in the asphalt mixes make up a rigid skeleton while the asphalt binder behaves as an adhesive. e aggregate portion which passes through the No 200 sieve (75 μm) is termed as filler, which influences the mechanical behavior and durability of the asphalt mix [2,3,4]. e filler present in the asphalt mix combines with asphalt binder to form asphalt mastic. e filler activity in the mastic is due to the physical hardening and chemical interaction [5]
Cracking at low temperature is generated due to excessive tensile stresses generated in the mixes due to low temperature and embrittlement [44]. e low temperature cracking was determined at 0°C by calculating the indirect tensile strength (ITS) per ASTM D 6931-12 [45] specification
Summary
Reclaim, reuse, and recycling of wastes in place of virgin materials have become a recurring theme of growing importance. Asphalt mix is a heterogeneous multiphase material which primarily comprises aggregates of various shapes and sizes, asphalt binder, and filler. Asphalt mixes are extensively adopted in flexible pavements around the world as surface and binder courses which are with the combination of aggregates and asphalt binder. E filler activity in the mastic is due to the physical hardening and chemical interaction [5]. Various sizes of mineral aggregates in the asphalt mixes make up a rigid skeleton while the asphalt binder behaves as an adhesive. Based on this activity, the fillers can be generally classified into two categories known as active fillers and passive (inert) fillers. The fillers can be generally classified into two categories known as active fillers and passive (inert) fillers. e fillers which
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