Utilization of taro beneng (xantoshoma undipes k.koch) starch in the manufacture of bioplastics with sorbitol plasticizer and its characterization

Abstract

Preparation of bioplastics and chitosan with sorbitol plasticizer by varying starch and chitosan in the ratio of 30%: 70%, 40% : 60%, 50% : 50%, 60% : 40%, 70% : 30% and added sorbitol plasticizer with variations of 60% and 80%. Characterization was carried out on the composition of starch and chitosan with the addition of sorbitol plasticizer starting with physical and mechanical testing and obtained 2 bioplastics showing the highest elongation and tensile strength data obtained in sample BSB4 in the ratio of starch and chitosan 60%: 40% by adding 60% sorbitol plasticizer showed an elongation value of 21.68898% and a tensile strength of 1.7352 MPa and sample BSC1 with a ratio of starch and chitosan 30%: 70% with the addition of 80% sorbitol plasticizer resulted in an elongation value of 23.6926% and tensile strength of 2.3997 MPa. The biodegradability test on bioplastics showed a mass reduction for 4 weeks or 28 days with the highest percentage of each variation of starch and chitosan by adding sorbitol plasticizer reaching 19.38%. SEM results show that there is still mixing between starch and a less homogeneous solution as evidenced by several points on bioplastics that are still white, and the same groups are obtained between the constituents of bioplastics, namely O-H, C-H, and N-H.