Utilization of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Imagery to Identify Potential for Earthquake Disasters to Improve Disaster Preparedness

Abstract

Indonesia is located in three collision zones of the world’s three major plates, namely the Eurasian Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate, and the Pacific Plate. As a result of the plate collision, there were many earthquakes in Indonesia. One of the characteristics of the earthquake in this study is an active fault. Active faults are things that can cause earthquakes. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the differences in the accuracy of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) method with various types of satellites to identify earthquake characteristics. This literature review is limited by analysis of active faults on land using SAR imagery in the territory of Indonesia. Indonesia is located in the equator causes high cloud coverage throughout the year in Indonesian region. The advantages of this SAR image are that it can monitor the earth’s surface without weather disturbances, can penetrate clouds, and can be used during the day or night. The results of this literature review show that to identify the impact of earthquakes with high slip fault sources, medium resolution SAR images can be used (such as using Sentinel-1 imagery), and to identify the effect of earthquakes with low slip faults, high resolution can be used (such as using ALOS-2/PALSAR imagery). Knowing the impact of deformation due to earthquakes can be used to improve disaster preparedness, particularly those caused by earthquakes.