Abstract
Abstract Sunflower acid oil, a by-product of sunflower oil refining is an important source of free fatty acids with minor amounts of glycerides and sterols. Sunflower acid oil was utilized to synthesize alkyd resin by alcoholysis-polyesterification method due to its availability and low cost. Three different alkyd resins have been synthesized from sunflower acid oil by using different ratios of phthalic and maleic anhydride. The various physico-chemical properties of sunflower acid oil like acid value, saponification value, iodine value, volatile matter, etc. and fatty acid composition was determined. In this study, physico-chemical properties of alkyd resins like acid value, viscosity, saponification value, volatile matter, etc. were measured and compared with refined sunflower oil based alkyd resins as well as commercial alkyd resin. The structural characterization of the resins was carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The drying properties of the alkyd resins had been significantly improved with the increase of maleic anhydride content in the resin. The film coating performance of the alkyd resins was characterized by drying time, pencil hardness test, cross-cut adhesion test, gloss measurement and chemical resistance test. It can be concluded that the sunflower acid oil can find potential application as a raw material in surface coating purposes.
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