Abstract
This paper studies a number of reasons that effect on the overall output electrical energy of a solar cell, to find the best angle at morning, noon and afternoon times in installing a solar cell system in Koya.. The study was conducted for three (3) months in Koya City- Kurdistan region of Iraq in 2014. It was found that the best Azimuth angle is between (330 o -340 o ) whereas the best incident angles are 27 o at the mornings, 60 o at the noon and 25 o at the afternoons in the Koya City. Moreover, the output electrical power that were produced from the solar cell was affected by weather, temperature, and raining as well.
Highlights
Photovoltaic cell is a device that generates direct current (DC) electrical power measured in watts (W) or kilowatts from semiconductors when they are illuminates by photons
In this work besides that the azimuth angles was worked on, the incident angles were changed for different values and at different times measurements were recorded between the incident angle with output electrical power of the solar cell in Koya City
At first to six days we getting a data by using digital multi-meter, innovation and solar cell angles that is marked on the solar cell in three different times for exploring the best azimuth and altitude angle to use solar cell, we determined the best angles are for morning the azimuth angle (θ) is 340o south and the solar cell altitude angle (Φ) is 27o, for noon the azimuth angle (θ) is 340o south and the solar cell altitude angle (Φ) is 60o and for evening the azimuth angle(θ) is 330o south and the solar cell altitude angle(Φ) is 25o
Summary
Photovoltaic cell is a device that generates direct current (DC) electrical power measured in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW) from semiconductors when they are illuminates by photons. One important way to convert solar radiation into electricity occurs by the photovoltaic (PV) effect which was first observed by Becquerel [1]. The modern form of the solar cell was invented in 1954 at Bell Telephone Laboratories. PV is one of the fastest growing renewable energy technologies and it is expected that it will play a major role in the future global electricity generation mix [2]. The theoretical studies have investigated several limitations that reduce the solar cell output efficiencies, and they give guidance to overcome these drawbacks and improve their efficiencies [3]. This paper examines some parameters which have noticeable impact on the output of solar cells
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