Utilization of Moringa oleifera seed waste as substrate in lipase production under different pretreatments

Abstract

Moringa industry in Sumenep Regency experienced growth in recent years along with the increase in export demand. Moringa seed waste, which is the coproduct of oil extraction contains a massive amount of lipid and biomass. As much as 30% of lipid residue from Moringa oleifera seeds waste are potentially usable as a substrate for lipase production. However, the phenolic compounds contained in the waste are difficult to degrade and have antimicrobial property which is needed to be removed. This study aims to determine the best pretreatment method in removing phenolic content in Moringa seed waste. The proposed pretreatment methods in this study including enzymatic pretreatment, Laccase Mediator System pretreatment, basic chemical pretreatment, acidic chemical pretreatment, and peroxide pretreatment. Lipase production carried out using Bacillus sp. SK II-5 isolates. Total protein content of lipases produced from various pretreatment then measured using the Bradford method. Lipase enzymatic activity determined qualitatively using the Quantofix formaldehyde test. Characterization of lipase based on isoelectric point. The result of this study is that laccase pretreatment is the best pretreatment method which capable of reducing total phenol concentration in Moringa seed waste by 70% to 3.87 mgGAE/g. The results were followed by a high total protein concentration of 0.43 mg/ml and lipase activity in the range of 100-200 ppm formaldehyde