Abstract
Nanofluids are extensively applied in various heat transfer mediums for improving their heat transfer characteristics and hence their performance. Specific heat capacity of nanofluids, as one of the thermophysical properties, performs principal role in heat transfer of thermal mediums utilizing nanofluids. In this regard, different studies have been carried out to investigate the influential factors on nanofluids specific heat. Moreover, several regression models based on correlations or artificial intelligence have been developed for forecasting this property of nanofluids. In the current review paper, influential parameters on the specific heat capacity of nanofluids are introduced. Afterwards, the proposed models for their forecasting and modeling are proposed. According to the reviewed works, concentration and properties of solid structures in addition to temperature affect specific heat capacity to large extent and must be considered as inputs for the models. Moreover, by using other effective factors, the accuracy and comprehensive of the models can be modified. Finally, some suggestions are offered for the upcoming works in the relevant topics.
Highlights
Literature demonstrates that by suspending solids with nanodimension in traditional operating fluids, heat transfer rate can be improved, mainly due to increment in the effective thermal conductivity [1,2,3]
In comparison with specific heat capacity of nanofluids, more attentions have been attracted by dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity; several studies have focused on this property of the nanofluids due to its substantial role in heat transfer of operating fluids
For the nanofluids with conventional base fluids, in contrary to molten salts, increase in the volume fraction of nanostructure leads to reduction in the specific heat capacity
Summary
Literature demonstrates that by suspending solids with nanodimension in traditional operating fluids, heat transfer rate can be improved, mainly due to increment in the effective thermal conductivity [1,2,3]. Addition of solid phase in the base fluid results in changes in different thermophysical properties such as density, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity [4,5,6]. Hosseinzadeh et al [18] applied three different nanofluids in an indirect solar cooker and compared the performance with a case of using thermal oil without any nanoparticle They observed that with the thermal oil, utilizing SiO2/oil, TiO2/oil, and SiC/oil led to around 1.17%, 3.54% and 4.27% enhancement in the efficiency, respectively. It was observed that using nanolfuids, Cu/water and Al2O3/water in 5% concentration resulted in 29.4% and 22.1% improvement in coefficient of performance, respectively Another energy-related device with high potential for performance improvement by employing nanofluid is heat pipe. Some suggestions are recommended for upcoming works in the relevant topics
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