Utilization of liquid smoke corn cobs for germination tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds

Abstract

Corn cobs are agricultural wastes that are often found in Indonesia, which so far are still not widely used as products that have added value. Corn cob contains 41% cellulose, 36% hemicellulose, and 6% lignin, so it can be used for making liquid smoke. Liquid smoke is one of the results of condensation or condensation from the steam produced by combustion directly or indirectly from materials that contain a lot of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and other carbon compounds. The method used for making liquid smoke is the pyrolysis method that is using pyrolizer, by burning and heating above the furnace, which will produce smoke and will then be condensed into liquid smoke. In this study, the performance of liquid smoke equipmwnt testing. The liquid smoke produced was carried out chemical and physical characterization and tested for seed germination and tomato growth (Solanum lycopersicum). The results of the research on making liquid smoke from corn cobs showed that the yield of liquid smoke was 28.37%, pH value 3.506. The results of the analysis of the chemical characterization of third-grade liquid smoke using GCMS detected approximately 32 chemical components. The results of the physical characterization analysis of liquid smoke showed a very strong odor, brownish red, and there were black sediments in the form of tar. The test results showed that the concentration of liquid smoke (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% and 5% ) significant effect on seed germination and tomato growth (Solanum lycopersicum)