Abstract
Elephantopus scaber has been used various ethnic groups in Indonesia and other countries as traditional medicine. Comprehensive study of the bioactivity of E. scaber is still limited, therefore this paper aims to explain the relationship between the use and its bioactivity. The writing of this article is based on a study of literature published online and offline used keywords E. scaber, bioactivities of E. scaber and uses of E. scaber. Ethnobotanically, E. scaber used to tread wound, nephritis, edema, chest pain, fever, scabies, sores, coughs, tonics, fever, and bronchitis, and asthma. The local communities in China, E. scaber leaves have been developed into "tea" to cure various diseases. The bioactivity of E. scaber is anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anticancer, hepatoprotective, stimulates hair growth, anti-diabetes mellitus, anti-wound, antioxidant, and overcoming kidney disorders. Deoxyelephantopin is one of the main sesquiterpenes lactones derived from E. scaber has anti-cancer anticancer development. The development of E. scaber tea as an anti-cancer needs to be further investigated because this plant is very easy to find in Indonesia.
Highlights
Plants are main sources in the development of medicines
We found 28 literatures relating to the use and bioactivity of Elephantopus scaber (ES)
ES belongs to the Asteraceae, but its flower character is very different from other Asteraceae which is characterized by the presence of ray and tube flowers
Summary
Plants are main sources in the development of medicines. The development of medicinal compounds is based on the use of local communities in various parts of the world. Various facts show that the human need for medicinal substances continues to increase. This is related to the emergence of new diseases that were previously unknown and the resistance of microorganisms to circulating drugs. Various methods have been used by scientists to obtain new plants or compounds, including through ethnobotany studies and bioactivities tests. Ethnobotany is a study of the use of plants by local communities, including medicinal plants. Purwanto (1) stated that ethnobotany is an efficient and cost-effective way of developing medicinal plants
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