Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (IBA) is a common waste containing heavy metals and compounds, and it cannot be recycled until it is treated. This study reports that microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology is used to treat a binder of bottom ash with ordinary Portland cement (IBA-OPC, namely IBP), and the IBP after biotreatment is called MTIP. The leaching behavior and splitting tensile strength of IBP and MTIP were investigated. The pozzolanic test was used to analyze the potential of bioactivated IBA as a binder. Additionally, the immobilization efficiency of heavy metals in the samples was studied by microtopography and energy dissipation. The results show that the leaching of Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb can be reduced by 70–90% by biomineralization. After biotreatment, the carbonate bound state of heavy metals in IBP increases, while the exchangeable bound state decreases. The strength of MTIP is 10.87% higher than that of IBP at 28 days. By analysis, it also can replace a part of the binder of cement for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. This provides a sustainable idea for the biotreatment of IBA in cement binder.
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